A hate crime is defined by the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 as a crime that occurs when the victim is targeted because of his or her “actual or perceived race, color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, gender, disability, or sexual orientation.”

For the purposes of collecting statistics, the FBI has defined a hate crime as a “criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, gender, or gender identity.” See Hate Crimes -- FBI

The U.S. Department of Justice’s Civil Rights Division defines a hate crime as “acts of violence or threats of violence motivated by bias based on statutorily-protected characteristics. This includes acts of physical harm and specific criminal threats motivated by animus based on race, color, national origin, religion, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability.” See Bias-Motivated/Hate Crime (DOJ)

Use the library catalog and other databases to search for resources @ Pence Law Library

The following subject headings will find a number of library materials including books, book chapters, articles and reports. 

Other Keywords to search for may include: 

• Antisemitism/Anti-Semitism
• Bias
• Bias Crime
• Crime and race
• Cyberbullying
• Discrimination
• Hate crime investigation
• Hate crime victims
• Hate speech
• Prejudices
• Race discrimination
• Race relations
• Victimization